What Was Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Education and Degrees ?
What Was Dr. B. R. Ambedkar’s Education and Degrees? A Journey of Knowledge and Determination
Introduction
Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar, popularly known as Babasaheb, is celebrated as the chief architect of the Indian Constitution and a tireless advocate of social justice. But beyond his political and social contributions, Ambedkar’s educational journey is a shining example of resilience, dedication, and intellectual brilliance. Often asked, “What was Dr. B. R. Ambedkar education and degrees?”, the answer reveals not only a list of qualifications but also a story of courage against overwhelming odds.
In this blog, we will explore his academic journey—from his childhood struggles in India to his groundbreaking achievements in the world’s top universities.
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Early Education in India
Born on 14 April 1891 in Mhow (Madhya Pradesh), Ambedkar faced severe caste-based discrimination in his early schooling.
- He studied at a local government school but was forced to sit separately from upper-caste students.
- Despite humiliation, he showed exceptional academic potential.
- In 1907, he passed the matriculation exam from Elphinstone High School in Bombay—becoming one of the first from the Mahar community to do so.
This milestone was groundbreaking, marking the beginning of an extraordinary academic journey.
College Education in India
After matriculation:
- Ambedkar joined Elphinstone College, University of Bombay.
- In 1912, he graduated with a degree in Political Science and Economics.
- During this time, he married Ramabai, but continued his focus on studies despite financial hardships.
Studies Abroad – Columbia University, USA
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In 1913, Ambedkar received a scholarship from the Maharaja of Baroda to study abroad.
Columbia University Achievements:
- Earned M.A. in 1915, majoring in Economics, Sociology, History, Philosophy, and Anthropology.
- His M.A. thesis was “Ancient Indian Commerce” (1915).
- Completed a Ph.D. in Economics in 1927, with his dissertation titled “The Evolution of Provincial Finance in British India.”
- At Columbia, he was deeply influenced by democratic values, which later shaped his vision for India.
London School of Economics (LSE), UK
Ambedkar also pursued higher studies at the prestigious London School of Economics.
- Completed a D.Sc. (Doctor of Science in Economics) in 1923.
- His thesis was titled “The Problem of the Rupee: Its Origin and Its Solution.”
- This research was highly influential and remains significant in Indian monetary policy discussions.
Gray’s Inn, London – Law Studies
Parallel to his economics studies, Ambedkar also pursued law.
- Enrolled at Gray’s Inn for legal training.
- In 1923, he qualified as a Barrister-at-Law, gaining expertise in legal principles that later guided his constitutional drafting work.
Sydenham College, Bombay
After returning to India, Ambedkar also taught at Sydenham College of Commerce and Economics in Bombay. His academic brilliance was widely recognized by students and colleagues.
List of Ambedkar’s Major Degrees
- B.A. in Economics & Political Science – University of Bombay (1912)
- M.A. in Economics – Columbia University (1915)
- Ph.D. in Economics – Columbia University (1927)
- D.Sc. in Economics – London School of Economics (1923)
- Barrister-at-Law – Gray’s Inn, London (1923)
- Honorary Degrees – Later, Ambedkar was conferred with honorary doctorates by various institutions worldwide.
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Challenges During His Educational Journey
Ambedkar’s achievements become even more inspiring when viewed against the challenges he faced:
- Severe caste discrimination in childhood.
- Financial struggles—he often depended on scholarships and part-time jobs.
- Health issues due to poor living conditions.
- Balancing family responsibilities while pursuing education abroad.
Despite these struggles, he persevered and became one of the most educated men of his time—not only in India but globally.
Legacy of Ambedkar Education
Ambedkar’s educational achievements were not just personal milestones; they were weapons in his fight against social injustice.
Impact of His Studies:
- His deep knowledge of law and economics shaped the Indian Constitution.
- His writings on currency and finance influenced Indian economic policies.
- His exposure to Western democratic ideals reinforced his belief in liberty, equality, and fraternity.
Conclusion
Dr. B. R. Ambedkar education journey is a story of triumph over adversity. From a child who faced untouchability in classrooms to earning multiple doctorates from prestigious institutions like Columbia University and the London School of Economics, Ambedkar proved that education is the greatest weapon against oppression. His degrees were not mere academic achievements but the foundation of his lifelong mission to create a just and equal society.
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Ashoka Vijayadashami: The Festival of Dharma, Victory & Inner Revolution
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Ambedkar’s story continues to inspire students, reformers, and leaders worldwide, reminding us that knowledge, when combined with determination, can change the course of history.
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